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Paul Gough
Introduction
'Peace in ruins - the value of mementoes, temporary shrines and floral tributes as markers of public sphere'
in Harutyunyan, A. Horschelmann, K. and Miles, M. (eds.) 'Public Arts after Socialism', Intellect, 2007.
    So Hiroshima. The girder skullcap and empty eye windows of the ruined trade hall. She went through the museum, she read the English captions, and could not believe the cenotaph was so incompetent. The flensed stone and bleached concrete of the wrecked trade hall was much more eloquent.

    She stood on the banks of the river with her back to the Peace Park, watching the shadow lengthen across the grey-brown waters while the sky turned red, and felt the tears roll down her cheeks.
    Too much, turn away. (Banks 1989:175)
John F. Kennedy argued that 'Peace is a daily, a weekly, a monthly process, gradually changing opinions, slowly eroding old barriers, quietly building new structures'. He had in mind not physical structures - such as reverential monuments, buildings and memorials - but social, economic and legitimising systems that might be nurtured and supported through osmotic processes of slow, but purposive, change.

It was Kennedy's successor, Lyndon B Johnson, who captured this ideal when he suggested that 'peace is a journey of a thousand miles and it must be taken one step at a time.'

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