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On-line Papers / Journal
Articles
Paul Gough ‘Contested
memories: contested site’: Newfoundland and its unique heritage
on the Western Front
in The Round Table The Commonwealth Journal
of International Affairs :special issue: Remembrance and Commemoration
in Commonwealth States
no. 393, ISSN 1474-029, pp.693-705. 5 B & W illustrations, 2007
Abstract
The Beaumont Hamel Newfoundland Memorial is a
16.5 hectare (40 acres) tract of preserved battleground dedicated
primarily to the memory of the 1st Newfoundland Regiment who suffered
an extremely high percentage of casualties during the first day
of the Battle of the Somme in July 1916. Beaumont Hamel Memorial
is a complex landscape of commemoration where Newfoundland, Canadian,
Scottish and British imperial associations compete for prominence.
A previous version of this paper argued that those who chose the
site of the Park, and subsequently re-ordered its topography, helped
to contrive a particular historical narrative that prioritised certain
memories over others. This argument focused on the premeditated
re-design of the ‘park’ after the Great War, and then
again in the early 1960s. In that paper it was asserted that the
topographical layout was deliberately arranged so as to focus exclusively
on a thirty-minute military action during a fifty-month war. In
its artificially preserved state the tragic part played by the Royal
Newfoundland Regiment could (until recently) be measured, walked
and vicariously experienced. Such an achievement required close
semiotic control and territorial demarcation in order to render
the ‘invisible past’ visible, and to convert an emptied
landscape into significant reconstructed space.
Since the publication of the paper, the soaring popularity of battlefield
tours and visits has placed an intolerable strain on the very land
that many regard as sacred and hallowed. A land that took decades
to recover and reclaim from violation is now being threatened again
both by developers and crowds of tourists. As a result, measures
have been taken to restrict access and control roaming rights.
This paper will revisit the original arguments and examine the many
tensions that have arisen in one of the most popular destinations
on the old battle front. Reflecting on the recent dispute, the paper
will explore issues of historical accuracy, topographical legibility,
freedom of access, and assumed ownership. It will also try to understand
the recent disputes as examples of borrowed ‘entitlement’
and a resistance (by British visitors) to recognize the historic
value of Canadian (or more specifically, Newfoundland) heritage.
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